Census Feature Class The U.S. Census Bureau uses the term divided to refer to a road with opposing traffic lanes separated by any size median, and separated to refer to lanes that are represented in the Census TIGER database as two distinct complete chains. The term, rail line in center, indicates that a rail line shares the road rightof- way. The rail line may follow the center of the road or be directly next to the road; representation is dependent upon the available source used during the update. The rail line can represent a railroad, a streetcar line, or other carline. Road Interstate highways and some toll highways are in this category (A1) and are distinguished by the presence of interchanges. These highways are accessed by way of ramps and have multiple lanes of traffic. The opposing traffic lanes are divided by a median strip. The TIGER/Line files may depict these opposing traffic lanes as two distinct lines in which case, the road is called separated. Primary Highway With Limited Access Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, unseparated Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, unseparated, in tunnel Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, unseparated, underpassing Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, unseparated, with rail line in center Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, separated Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, separated, in tunnel Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, separated, underpassing Primary road with limited access or interstate highway, separated, with rail line in center This category (A2) includes nationally and regionally important highways that do not have limited access as required by category A1. It consists mainly of US highways, but may include some state highways and county highways that connect cities and larger towns. A road in this category must be hard-surface (concrete or asphalt). It has intersections with other roads, may be divided or undivided, and have multi-lane or single-lane characteristics. Primary Road Without Limited Access Primary road without limited access, US highways, unseparated Primary road without limited access, US highways, unseparated, in tunnel Primary road without limited access, US highways, unseparated, underpassing Primary road without limited access, US highways, unseparated, with rail line in center Primary road without limited access, US highways, separated Primary road without limited access, US highways, separated, in tunnel Primary road without limited access, US highways, separated, underpassing Primary road without limited access, US highways, separated, with rail line in center This category (A3) includes mostly state highways, but may include some county highways that connect smaller towns, subdivisions, and neighborhoods. The roads in this category generally are smaller than roads in Category A2, must be hard- surface (concrete or asphalt), and are usually undivided with single-lane characteristics. These roads usually have a local name along with a route number and intersect with many other roads and driveways. Secondary and Connecting Road Secondary and connecting road, state highways, unseparated Secondary and connecting road, state highways, unseparated, in tunnel Secondary and connecting road, state highways, unseparated, underpassing Secondary and connecting road, state highways, unseparated, with rail line in center Secondary and connecting road, state highways, separated Secondary and connecting road, state highways, separated, in tunnel Secondary and connecting road, state and county highways, separated, underpassing Secondary and connecting road, state and county highway, separated, with rail line in center A road in this category (A4) is used for local traffic and usually has a single lane of traffic in each direction. In an urban area, this is a neighborhood road and street that is not a thoroughfare belonging in categories A2 or A3. In a rural area, this is a short-distance road connecting the smallest towns; the road may or may not have a state or county route number. Scenic park roads, unimproved or unpaved roads, and industrial roads are included in this category. Most roads in the Nation are classified as A4 roads. Local, Neighborhood, and Rural Road Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, unseparated Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, unseparated, in tunnel Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, unseparated, underpassing Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, unseparated, with rail line in center Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, separated Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, separated, in tunnel Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, separated, underpassing Local, neighborhood, and rural road, city street, separated, with rail line in center A road in this category (A5) is usable only by four-wheel drive vehicles, is usually a one-lane dirt trail, and is found almost exclusively in very rural areas. Sometimes the road is called a fire road or logging road and may include an abandoned railroad grade where the tracks have been removed. Minor, unpaved roads usable by ordinary cars and trucks belong in category A4, not A5. Vehicular Trail Vehicular trail, road passable only by 4WD vehicle, unseparated Vehicular trail, road passable only by 4WD vehicle, unseparated, in tunnel Vehicular trail, road passable only by 4WD vehicle, unseparated, underpassing This category (A6) includes roads, portions of a road, intersections of a road, or the ends of a road that are parts of the vehicular highway system and have separately identifiable characteristics. Road with Special Characteristics Special road feature, major category used when the minor category could not be determined Cul-de-sac, the closed end of a road that forms a loop or turn-around Traffic circle, the portion of a road or intersection of roads forming a roundabout Access ramp, the portion of a road that forms a cloverleaf or limited- access interchange Service drive, the road or portion of a road that provides access to businesses, facilities, and rest areas along a limited-access highway; this frontage road may intersect other roads and be named Ferry crossing, the representation of a route over water that connects roads on opposite shores; used by ships carrying automobiles or people A road in this category (A7) is not part of the vehicular highway system. It is used by bicyclists or pedestrians, and is typically inaccessible to mainstream motor traffic except for privateowner and service vehicles. This category includes foot and hiking trails located on park and forest land, as well as stairs or walkways that follow a road right-of-way and have names similar to road names. Road as Other Thoroughfare Other thoroughfare, major category used when the minor category could not be determined Walkway or trail for pedestrians, usually unnamed Stairway, stepped road for pedestrians, usually unnamed Alley, road for service vehicles, usually unnamed, located at the rear of buildings and property Driveway or service road, usually privately owned and unnamed, used as access to residences, trailer parks, and apartment complexes, or as access to logging areas, oil rigs, ranches, farms, and park lands Railroad A railroad in this category is the primary track that provides service between destinations. A main line track often carries the name of the owning and operating railroad company. Railroad Main Line Railroad main track, not in tunnel or underpassing Railroad main track, in tunnel Railroad main track, underpassing A railroad in this category is the track that leaves the main track, ending in an industrial park, factory, or warehouse area, or forming a siding along the main track. Railroad Spur Railroad spur track, not in tunnel or underpassing Railroad spur track, in tunnel Railroad spur track, underpassing A railroad yard track has parallel tracks that form a working area for the railroad company. Train cars and engines are repaired, switched, and dispatched from a yard. Railroad Yard Railroad yard track, not in tunnel or underpassing Railroad yard track, in tunnel Railroad yard track, underpassing A railroad or portions of a rail- road track that are parts of the railroad system and have separately identifiable characteristics. Railroad with Special Characteristics Railroad ferry crossing, the representation of a route over water used by ships carrying train cars to connecting railroads on opposite shores. These are primarily located on the Great Lakes. A rail line that is not part of the rail- road system. This category is for a specialized rail line or railway that is typically inaccessible to mainstream railroad traffic. Railroad as Other Thoroughfare Other rail line; major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined Carline, a track for streetcars, trolleys, and other mass transit rail systems; used when the carline is not part of the road right-of-way Cog railroad, incline railway, or logging tram Miscellaneous Ground Transportation Source materials do not allow determination of the miscellaneous ground transportation category. Miscellaneous Ground Transportation With Category Unknown Miscellaneous ground transportation, not road or railroad; major and minor categories unknown Enclosed pipe, carrying fluid or slurry, situated above ground, or in special conditions, below ground when marked by a cleared right-ofway and signage. Pipeline Pipeline; major category used alone High voltage electrical line, on towers, situated on cleared right-of-way. Power Transmission Line Power transmission line; major category used alone A portion of a ground transportation system that has separately identifi- able characteristics. This category is for specialized transportation, usually confined to a local area, that is separate from other ground transportation. Miscellaneous Ground Transportation With Special Characteristics Other ground transportation that is not a pipeline or a power transmission line; major category used alone when minor category could not be determined Aerial tramway, monorail, or ski lift Landmark Landmark is the general name given to a cartographic (or locational) landmark or a land-use area. A cartographic landmark is identified for use by an enumerator while working in the field. A land-use area is identified in order to minimize enumeration efforts in uninhabited areas or areas where human access is restricted. Source materials do not allow determination of the landmark category. Landmark With Category Unknown Landmark; major and minor categories unknown Base, yard, or depot used by the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, the Coast Guard, or the National Guard. With the exception of the Coast Guard which is administered by the Department of Transportation, and the National Guard which is administered by states, these areas are administered by the U.S. Department of Defense. Military Installation Military installation or reservation; major category used alone Multihousehold or Transient Quarters Multihousehold or transient quarters; major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined Apartment building or complex Rooming or boarding house Trailer court or mobile home parkM Marina Crew-of-vessel area Housing facility for workers Hotel, motel, resort, spa, hostel, YMCA, or YWCA Campground Shelter or mission This category includes institutions that have personnel such as guards, nurses, and caretakers to preserve the welfare of those individuals resident in the facility. Custodial Facility Custodial facility; major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined Hospital Halfway house Nursing home, retirement home, or home for the aged County home or poor farm Orphanage Jail or detention center Federal penitentiary, state prison, or prison farm Educational or Religious Institution Educational or religious institution; major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined Sorority or fraternity Convent or monastery Educational institution, including academy, school, college, and university Religious institution, including church, synagogue, seminary, temple, and mosque The facility where transportation equipment is stored, the destination for travel on the transportation system, or the intermodal connection facility between transportation systems. Transportation Terminal Transportation terminal; major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined Airport or airfield Train station Bus terminal Marine terminal Seaplane anchorage Airport-Statistical Representation used as part of urban area delineation where major airports are contiguous with urban areas This category includes locations with high-density employment. Employment Center Employment center; major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined Shopping center or major retail center Industrial building or industrial park Office building or office park Amusement center Government center Other employment center Tower Tower; major category used alone when minor category could not be determined Lookout tower This category contains areas of open space with no inhabitants, or with inhabitants restricted to known sites within the area. Open Space Open space; major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined Golf course Cemetery National Park Service land National forest or other Federal land State or local park or forest This category includes landmarks not otherwise classified. Special Purpose Landmark Special purpose landmark; major category used alone when the minor category could not be determined Post office Urbanizacion, an identifiable community development in Puerto Rico Fire Department Police Station Library City/Town Hall Physical Feature Source materials do not allow determination of the physical feature category. Physical Feature With Category Unknown Physical feature, tangible but not transportation or hydrographic; major and minor categories unknown This category describes a fence that separates property. For example, a fence around a military reservation or prison separates the reservation from civilian land. Thus, a fence line is a property line marked by a fence. Fence Fence line locating a visible and permanent fence between separately identified property This category refers to topographical features that may be used as boundaries or as a reference for an area. The Census TIGER database contains topographic features used to define the limits of statistical entities in locations where no other visible feature can be identified. Topographic Feature Topographic feature; major category used when the minor category could not be determined Ridge line, the line of highest elevation of a linear mountain Mountain peak, the point of highest elevation of a mountain Island, identified by name Levee, an embankment, as of earth or concrete, used to prevent a river or other body of water from overflowing Nonvisible features are used to delimit tabulation entities, property areas, and legal and administrative entities. The U.S. Census Bureau separately identifies nonvisible boundaries only when they do not follow a visible feature such as a road, stream, or ridge line. Nonvisible Features Nonvisible Boundary With Classification Unknown or Not Elsewhere Classified Nonvisible boundary; major and minor categories unknown Nonvisible Legal Entity Boundary Nonvisible current boundary of a legally defined entity Offset boundary of a current legally defined entity Corridor boundary of a current legally defined entity Nonvisible superseded 2000 legal boundary Nonvisible superseded 1990 legal boundary Nonvisible superseded 1990 legal count question resolution boundary Nonvisible superseded legal boundary, that was current at the time of the 1997 Economic Census Nonvisible current State Legislative District boundary Nonvisible current Congressional District boundary Nonvisible superseded 2000 legal count question resolution boundary This category contains various types of nonvisible lines used to maintain the topology in the Census TIGER database. Nonvisible Features for Database Topology Nonvisible feature for database topology; major category used when the minor category could not be determined Automated feature extension to lengthen existing physical feature Irregular feature extension, determined manually, to lengthen existing physical feature Closure extension to complete database topological closure between extremely close features (used to close small gaps between complete chains and create polygons to improve block labeling on cartographic products) Nonvisible separation line used with corporate offset and corridor boundaries Nonvisible centerline of area enclosed by a corporate corridor boundary Point-to-Point Line Point-to-point line, follows a line of sight and should not cross any visible feature; for example, from the end of a road to a mountain peak Property Line Property line, nonvisible boundary of either public or private lands, e.g., a park boundary ZIP Code Tabulation Boundary ZIP Code tabulation area boundary, used in delineating ZIP Code Tabulation Areas Nonvisible Statistical Boundary Statistical boundary; major category used when the minor category could not be determined Superseded tabulation boundary Superseded tabulation boundary Internal U.S. Census Bureau use Superseded tabulation boundary Nonvisible other tabulation boundary; major category used when the minor category could not be determined School district boundary Internal U.S. Census Bureau use Census 2000 collection block boundary; used to hold Census 2000 collection block boundaries not represented by existing physical features Census 2000 statistical area boundary; used to hold Census 2000 statistical area boundaries not represented by existing physical features Census 2000 tabulation block boundary; used to hold Census 2000 tabulation block boundaries not represented by existing physical features Internal U.S. Census Bureau use Oregon urban growth area boundary Current statistical area boundary Hydrography This category includes shorelines of all water regard-less of the classification of the water itself. Basic Hydrography Water feature, classification unknown or not elsewhere classified Shoreline of perennial water feature Shoreline of intermittent water feature Naturally Flowing Water Features Perennial stream or river Intermittent stream, river, or wash Braided stream or river These features are used for purposes such as transportation, irrigation, or navigation. Man-Made Channel to Transport Water Perennial canal, ditch, or aqueduct Intermittent canal, ditch, or aqueduct Inland Body of Water Lake or pond; major category used when the minor category could not be determined Perennial lake or pond Intermittent lake or pond Man-Made Body of Water Reservoir; major category used when the minor category could not be determined Perennial reservoir Intermittent reservoir Seaward Body of Water Bay, estuary, gulf, sound, sea, or ocean; major category used when the minor category could not be determined Bay, estuary, gulf, or sound Sea or ocean Body of Water in a Man-Made Excavation Gravel pit or quarry filled with water The U.S. Census Bureau digitizes nonvisible definition boundaries to separate named water areas; for instance, an artificial boundary is drawn to separate a named river from the connecting bay. Nonvisible Definition Between Water Bodies Nonvisible water area definition boundary; used to separate named water areas and as the major category when the minor category could not be determined USGS closure line; used as a maritime shoreline Census water center line; computed to use as a median positional boundary Census water boundary, international in waterways or at 10-mile limit; used as an area measurement line Census water boundary separating inland from coastal or Great Lakes; used as an area measurement line Census water boundary separating coastal water from territorial sea at the 3-mile limit; used as an area measurement line Includes area covered by glaciers or snow fields. Special Water Feature Special water feature; major category used when the minor category could not be determined Glacier